You could use rclone with any service it supports as encrypted cloud storage by using its crypt feature. More technical to set up though than just installing an app.

Nowadays I see them mostly used by creators for sponsor or product links, probably because it lets them track how many people click on it and when

The basic steps are:

1. Register a domain of your choice
2. Select who you are setting up your email with (plenty of different providers, Zoho has a basic free plan that would be suitable for a single domain and only a few users at most; Google, outlook etc. also sell services for custom domains)
3. Configure the DNS records for your domain to whatever your chosen email provider says (MX records to point to the mail server and some records for DMARC & DKIM to prevent your email being spoofed)
4. Test it all works and start using it

I’m not going to write a full tutorial so if it sounds interesting I suggest you do more research. The email hosting is typically focused at businesses as they are most likely to be wanting to host email on a custom domain.